In today's digital world, the security of our data is crucial. However, there is a growing threat that has emerged: ransomware. This type of malware can compromise our information and demand a ransom for its release. In this article, we will explain what ransomware is, why it targets small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs), how it operates, the most common types, what measures to take in the event of an attack, and how to protect yourself using a Web Application Firewall (WAF).